Flu id-pressure motor



No. 609,626. Patented Aug. 23, |898.

P. C. N. PEDERSUN.

FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR.

(Application filed Oct. 27, 1897.)

(Nu Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2- E 1 E l .if n.

No. 609,626. Patented Aug. 23, |898. P. C. N. PEDERSON.

FLUID PRESSURE MDTUR.

(Application filed Oct. 27, 1897.)

3 S heetsSheet 3.

(No Model.)

` line 6 6 of Fig. 1.

UNITED STATES PATENT @Enron PETTER C. N. PEDERSON, OF WEST SUPERIOR, VISCONSIN.

FLUID-PRESSURE-MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 609,626, dated August 23, 1898. Application filed October 27, 1897. Serial No. 656,564. (No model.)

T0 @ZZ whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, PETTER C. N. PEDERsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at West Superior, in the county of Douglas and State of Wisconsin, have invented a new and useful Fluid-Pressure Motor, of which the following is a specication.

My invention relates to fluid-pressure motors adapted to utilize the expansive force of steam, compressed air, gas, or equivalent fluid; and the object in view is to provide improved means in connection with a construction of the class shown and described in my former patent, No. 596,614, granted to me January 4c, 1898, and in my former application, Serial No. 646,394, filed July 29, 1897, whereby the successive entrance of the piston-heads into the expansion-chamber is facilitated and whereby the frictional contact of the parts involved by such entrance is reduced to the minimum, and, furthermore, to provide improved means for controlling the admission of the motive agent.

Further objects and advantages of this invention will appear in the following description, and the novel features thereof will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims,

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side view, with the casing partly in section, ofa motor constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a detail view in perspective of one of the expansion-chambers and cooperating parts, exclusive of the piston. Fig. 3 is a partial sectional view of one of the expansionchambers, showing the relative positions of two piston-heads at the time of exchanging places. Fig. 4: is a similar view showing the positions of the contiguous piston-heads when the motive agent is being applied to the mov` ing head. Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a similar view taken on a plane indicated by the Fig. 7 is a detail View in perspective of one of the piston-heads detached. Fig. 8 is a face view of one of the piston-heads with the plunger-holding capplate omitted. Fig. 9 isa horizontal sectional view of one of the pistons and the contiguous portion of the carrier. Fig. 10 isa detail sectional view showing the cut-off valve and contiguous parts. Fig. 11 is a transverse vertical section of the expansion-chamber on the line 11 11 of Fig. 3. Fig. 12 is a detail view in perspective of a portion of the pistonhead carrier. Fig. 13 is a detail view in perspective of one of the piston-head catches detached.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures of the drawings.

In the present embodiment of my invention I employ a casing 1, in which are located spaced guides 2, preferably of rotary construction and having shafts or spindles 3, said guides being traversed by a carrier 4 of fieXible construction, consisting of a plurality of pivotally-connected links analogous to the construction of carriers illustrated in my former cases above mentioned. The improved carrier is preferably of cross-sectionally rectangular construction, and mounted to slide thereon without rotation are piston-heads 5,

adapted to be locked in their normal positions upon the carrier by means of front latches 6 and rear latches 7, the former being mounted upon the carrier, while the latter are mounted upon the piston-heads. The front latches 6 are designed to prevent forward movement of the piston-heads independently of the carrier, and while adapted to terminally engage the front faces of the piston-heads said latches are yieldingly held in their normal or operative positions by means of actuating-springs 8. The rear latches 7 are yieldingly held by springs 9 in position to engage seats or notches 10 on the carrier and are operatively connected with trips 11,whicl1 project rearwardly from the piston-heads. The seats or notches 10 are preferably arranged at the sides of the carrier, while the latches 6 are arranged to project from the upper and lower surfaces thereof for a purpose which will hereinafter appear.

Arranged in the path of the carrier is an expansion-chamber l2, of which any desired number may be employed, (two being shown in the drawings,) and through this expansion-chamber successively pass the pistonheads for exposure to the expansive action of the motive agent. At the inlet end of the expansiorrchamber are arranged piston-headengaging catches 13 and 13, the former being located at diametrically opposite points,

`preferably in a horizontal plane, While the IOO latter are located at diametrically opposite points in a vertical plane and are iitted with restraining-pins 14. These catches are adapted to be yieldingly held at their inner or operative extremities in the path of a pistonhead entering the expansion-chamber or attempting to leave said chamber at that end at which they are located, whereby after a piston-head has entered the chamber the extension of these catches serves to prevent backward or return movement of the said piston-head and thus enables the same to performA the function of a cylinder-head, as will hereinafter be explained. These catches 13 and 13a preferably extend outwardly beyond the wall of the chamber and are provided with pistons 15, operating in cylinders 16,'

with which communicate conductors 17, supplied by a pipe 18, communicating with a valve-box, which in turn communicates with the main su pply-pipe 19 for the motive agent. By means of these communicating pipes the cylinders 16 are charged with a motive agent to yieldingly hold the catches extended or in operative position; but other yielding means may be employed, and it is desirable as auxiliary means to employ springs 20, which serve to advance the catches to engage a piston-head when the operation of the engine is started or in case the application of fluid-' pressure should fail to properly actuate the catches. As these piston head holding catches are yield in gly held extended, it is necessary in order to admit a piston-head to retract the catches by mechanical means, and hence I employ a revoluble ring 21, mounted concentrically with the expansion-chamber and having cams 22, adapted to engage tripears 23, carried by the catches, said ring, which may for convenience be termed a tripring, being suitably actuated to impart continuous rotary motion thereto by means of a pinion 24:, meshing with peripheral teeth on the ring, and a driving-shaft 25, carrying said pinion and having connection by means of a bevel-gear 26 with a similar gear 27 on the shaft of one of the carrier-guides. Fig. 1.)

As a piston-head approaches the inlet end of the expansion-chamber the catches which have been holding the preceding piston-head (See against backward movement to perform thefunctions of a cylinder-head are retracted by means of the trip-ring 21, thus admitting the succeeding piston-head, which advances the preceding piston-head sufficiently to allow the succeeding piston-head to enter a distance necessary to arrange its rear surface beyond the plane of the catches. By this time the catches are released by the trip-ring and are automatically extended to engage said succeeding piston-head, the restraining-pins 14 of the upper and lower catches engaging suitable sockets 30 in the piston-head to prevent further forward movement of said succeeding piston-head, while the main catches 13 en gage the trip-ears 11 of the rear latches 7 and thus disengage the piston-head from the carrier to allow independent forward movement of the carrier. The advance of the preceding piston-head has moved it a suicent distance to expose its'rear surface to the application of Huid-pressure through an inlet-port 31 in the expansion-chamber, while at the same time the carrier, which is advanced after the release of the succeeding piston-head, has moved through the preceding piston-head a sufficient distance to allow the front latches 6 to swing into operative position with relation to the front side of said preceding pistonhead, (the rear latches 7 meanwhile engaging the seats or notches 10,) and hence forward movement ofthe preceding piston-head imparts a forward impulse to the carrier and guides, as indicated by the positions of the parts shown in Fig. 4Q As this operation is repeated each time that a piston-head enters the expansion-chamber and as it is preferable to employ a plurality of expansion-chambers in order to maintain a continuous forward pressure upon the carrier by means of the piston-head, (said piston-heads and carrier coperating to constitute the endless piston of the improved motor,) it will be seen that a continuous motion will be imparted to the moving members of the apparatus.

In order to break the jar at the moment of the entrance of the expansion-chamber by a piston-head, I preferably provide each pistonhead with rearwardly-extending plungers 32 to enter dash-pots or open-ended cylinders 33 in the front side of the succeeding pistonhead, thereby forming pneumatic cushions which serve to give a forward impulse to the preceding piston-head without causing the hammering which would result by the contact of flat surfaces. y

The valve mechanism which I have illustrated in connection with the apparatus consists of a cut-off slide-valve 34, mounted in a suitable casing 35 for controlling the port 31 and having a stem 36, operatively connected with an eccentric 37 on the spindle of one of the carrier-guides 2, the eccentric-rod 38 bcing connected by an intermediate lever 39 with a second lever 40, which in turn has direct connection with the valve-stem.

From the above description it will be seen that the essential feature of the improved motor resides in the fact that the piston-heads, which are adj ustably or movably mounted `upon the'carrier, are adapted for interchangeable arrangement in the expansion-chamber to perform the functions of piston-heads to advance the carrier and cylinder-heads to receive the backward pressure of the motive agent. In other words, the piston-heads alternately perform the functions of moving and fixed abutments, the succeeding pistonhead performing the latter function, while IOO IIO

the preceding piston-head performs the forother piston-head enters the expansion-chamber. By this arrangement of parts I am enabled to dispense with the use of gates or other auxiliary means constituting a fixed abutment for receiving the backward pressure of the motive agent. The reciprocatory catches, which are mounted for radial movement upon the expansion-chamber contiguous to its inner end, simply perform the functions, in the first place, of holding the succeeding piston-head against backward movement while it is performing its function as a cylinder-head, and, in the second place, of tripping the rear latches, whereby said piston-head when it reaches its position in the mouth of the expansion-chamber is released from the carrier to allow the latter to be advanced by the preceding piston-head.

The front or main latches 6 constitute stops or means for limiting the forward movement of a piston-head independently of the carrier and for altogether preventing such forward movement when a piston-head is in its normal or seated position, whereas said stops do not interfere with the forward movement of the carrier independently of a piston-head, as the beveled or cam-faced construction of said stops, together with the fact that they are yieldingly mounted, adapts them tobe carried through the opening in the pistonhead when the carrier is advancing independently of the piston-head. On the other hand, the auxiliary or rear latches 7 prevent backward movement of a piston-head independently of the carrier and also prevent forward movement of the carrier independently of a piston-head without preventing forward movement of a piston-head independently of the carrier. By reason of this construction a piston-head is adapted to be advanced with the carrier by reason of the auxiliary or rear latches 7, while the main latches orstops constitute the `means whereby the piston-heads communicate forward movement to the carrier.

Any suitable construction and arrangement of packing-rings or equivalent devices may be employed in connection with the parts of an apparatus as above described. I prefer to arrange packing-strips 4l on the pistonheads to bear against the surfaces of the carrier, as well as a similar strip 4t2, arranged pelripherally on the pistou-head to bear against the inner surface of the wall of the cylinder.

Various changes in the form, proportion, and the minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of this invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim is- 1. A fluid-pressure motor having a piston comprising a longitudinally-movable carrier and a plurality of piston-heads .mounted to slide thereon, and adapted for successive exposure to motive pressure in an expansionchamber, means for preventing backward movement of a piston-head, and means for communicating forward movement of a piston-head to the carrier, substantially as specified.

2. A fluid-pressure motor having a piston comprising a longitudinally-movable carrier and a plurality of piston-heads mounted to slide thereon, and adapted for successive exposure to motive pressure in an expansionchamber, means for preventing backward movement of a piston-head, and a stop for limiting the forward movement thereof with relation to the carrier, substantially as specified.

3. A fluid-pressure motor having a piston comprising a longitudinally-movable carrier and a plurality of piston-heads mounted to slide thereon, and adapted for successive exposure to motive pressure in an expansionchamber, means for preventing backward movement of a piston-head, a stop for limiting the forward movement of a piston-head independently of the carrier, and means for communicating forward movement of the carrier to a piston-head, substantially as specified.

et. A fluid-pressure motor having a piston comprising a longitudinally-movable carrier and a plurality of piston-heads mounted to slide thereon, and adapted for successive exposure to motive pressure in an expansionchamber, means for preventing backward movement of a piston-head, and yielding stops for limiting the forward movement of the piston-heads independently of the carrier, substantially as specified.

5. A Huid-pressure motor having a piston comprising a longitudinally-movable carrier and a plurality of piston-heads mounted to slide thereon, and adapted for successive exposure to motive pressure in an expansionchamber, means for preventing backward movement of a piston-head, and stops for limiting the forward movement of the pistonheads independently of the carrier, said stops consisting of yielding latches beveled at their front sides and having abrupt shoulders to engage the front surfaces of the piston-heads, substantially as specified.

(5. A fluid-pressure motor having an expansion-chamber, a piston having a plurality of piston-heads mounted for longitudinal movement upon a continuous longitudinally-movable carrier, and adapted to pass successively through the expansion-chamber in one direction, means for communicating forward movement of a piston-head to the carrier, catches for preventing backward movement of a piston-head with relation to the expansion-chamber, and means for alternately extending and withdrawing the catches, substantially as specified.

7. A fluid-pressure motor having an expansion-chamber, a piston having a plurality of piston-heads mounted for longitudinal movement upon a continuous longitudinally-movable carrier, and adapted to pass successively ICO IIO

piston-heads mounted for longitudinal move-- ment upon a continuous longitudinally-movable carrier, and adapted to pass successively through the expansion-chamber in one direction; means'for communicating forwardmovement of a piston-head to the carrier, catches y mounted upon the expansion-chamber for eX- tension in the path of backward movement of the piston-heads, and having plungers eX- posed in cylinders to fluid-pressure, and trip mechanism for periodically withdrawing the catches to admit a succeeding piston-head, substantially as specified. j

9. A Huid-pressure motor having an eXpansion-chamber, a piston having a plurality of piston-heads mounted for longitudinal movement upon a continuous longitudinally-movable carrier, and adapted to pass successively through the expansion-chamber in one direction, means for communicating forward movement of a piston-head to the carrier, catches yieldingly held in the path of backward movement of the piston-heads and provided with meansfor engaging and locking said pistonheads successively against forward movement, and trip mechanism for periodically withdrawing the catches to admit a succeeding piston-head, substantially as specified.

10. A fluid-pressure motorhaving an eXpansion-chamber, a piston having a plurality of piston-heads mounted for longitudinal movement upon a continuous longitudinally-movable carrier, and adapted to pass successively through the expansion-chamber in one direction, means for communicating forward movement of a piston-head to the carrier, catches yieldingly held in the path of backward move-v ment of the piston-heads and provided with restraining-pins for engaging peripheral sockets in the piston-heads to prevent forward movement thereof, and trip mechanism for periodically withdrawing the catches to admit a succeeding piston-head, substantially as specified.

11. Afluid-pressure motor having an expansion-chamber, a piston having a plurality of piston-heads mounted for longitudinal movement upon a continuous longitudinally-movable carrier, and adapted to pass successively through the expansion-chamber in one direction, means for communicating forward movement of a piston-head to the carrier, catches yieldingly held in the path of backward movement of the piston-heads, a revoluble tripring having cams for engaging trip-ears on the catches,and means for actuating the trip-ring, substantially as specied.

12. Aiiuid-pressure motor havin gan expansion-chamber, a piston having a plurality of piston-heads mounted for longitudinal movement upon a continuous longitudinally-movable carrier, and adapted to pass successively through the expansion-chamber in one direction, means for communicating forward movement of a piston-head to the carrier, catches yieldingly held in the path ofl backward movement of the piston-heads, a revoluble trip-ring having cams for engaging trip-ears on the catches, and means for imparting continuous rotary movement to the trip-ring, substantially as specied.

13. A {fluid-pressure motor having an expansion-chamber, a piston having a plurality of piston-heads mounted for longitudinal movement upon a continuous longitudinally-movable carrier, and adapted to pass successively through the expansion-chamber in one direction, means for communicating forward movement of a piston-head to the carrier, means for preventing backward movement of the piston-heads in the expansion-chamber, and detachable connections for communicating forward movement of the carrier to the pistonheads, substantially as specified.

14. A Huid-pressure motor having an expansion-chamber, a piston having a plurality of piston-heads mounted for longitudinal movement upon a continuous longitudinally-movable carrier, and adapted to pass successively through the expansion-chamber in one direction, means for communicating forward movement of a piston-head to the carrier, means for preventing backward movement ofthe pistonheads in the expansion-chamber, latches for communicating forward movement of the carrier to the piston-heads, and trips connected with said latches and adapted,when actuated, to disengage said latches and release the carrier from the piston-head, substantially as specified. y

15. A fluid-pressure motor having an eXpansion-chamber, a piston having a plurality of piston-heads mounted for longitudinal movement upon a continuous longitudinally-movable carrier, and adapted to pass successively through the expansion-chamber in one direction,"means for communicating forward movement of a piston-head to the carrier, means for preventing backward movement of the piston-heads inthe expansion-chamber, latches for communicating forward movement of the carrier to the piston-heads, and reciprocable trips connected with said latches and adapted to be actuated, by said means forpreventing backward movement of the piston-heads, for disengaging the latches to release the oarrier from the piston-heads, substantially as specified.

16. A fluid-pressure motor having an eXpansion-chamber, a piston having a plurality of piston-heads mounted for longitudinal movement upon a continuous longitudinally-movable carrier, and adapted to pass successively through the expansion-chamber in one -di- IOO IOS

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heads, actuating devices for said catches,

latches for communicating forward movement of the carrier to the piston-heads, and trips operatively connected with said latches, and arranged in the paths of said catches when a piston-head is engaged by the catches, substantially as specified.

17. A fluid-pressure motorhaving an eXpansion-chamber, a piston having a plurality of piston-heads mounted for longitudinal movement upon a continuous longitudinally-movable carrier, and adapted to pass successively through the expansion-chamber in one vdirection, means for communicating forward movement of a. piston-head to the carrier, reciprocable catches for arrangement in the path of backward movement of the pistonheads, actuating devices for said catches, latches for communicating forward movement of the carrier to the piston-heads, and spring actuated reciprocable trips, operatively connected with said latches, and arranged in the paths of said catches when a piston-head is engaged by the catches, Vsubstantially as specified.

18. A fluid-pressure motor having an eXpansion-chamber, a piston having a plurality of piston-heads mounted for longitudinal movement upon a continuous longitudinally-movable carrier, and adapted to pass successively through the expansion-chamber in one direction, means for communicating forward movement of a piston-head to the carrier, reciprocable catches for arrangement in the path of backward movement of the pistonheads, actuating devices for said catches, latches for communicating forward movement of the carrier to the piston-heads, and yielding reciprocable trips extending rearwardly from the planes of the piston-heads for arrangement in the paths of said catches when a piston-head is engaged by the catches, said trips being operatively connected with saidlatches, and adapted,when actuated, to disengage the latches to release the carrier from the piston-head, substantially as specified.

19. A fluid-pressure motor having an eXpansion-chamber, a piston having a plurality of piston-heads mounted for longitudinal movement upon a continuous longitudinally-movable carrier, and adapted to pass successively through the expansion-chamber in one direction, means for communicating forward movement of a piston-head to the carrier, means for preventing backward movement of the piston-heads in the expansion-chamber,

and cushioning devices interposed between preceding and succeeding piston-heads, substantially as specified.

v 20. AHuid-pressuremotorhavingan expansion-chamber, a piston having a plurality of piston-heads mounted for longitudinal movement upon` a continuous longitudinally-movable carrier, and adapted to pass successively through the expansion-chamber in one direction, means for communicating forward movement of a piston-head to the carrier, means for preventing backward movement of the piston -heads in the expansion-chamber, and cushioning devices interposed between preceding and succeeding piston -heads and consisting of dash-pots, substantially as specified.

2l. A fluid-pressure motorhaving an eXpansion-chamber, a piston having a plurality of piston-heads mounted for longitudinal movement upon a continuous longitudinally-movable carrier, and adapted to pass successively through the expansion-chamber in one direction, means for communicating forward movement of a piston-head to the carrier, means for preventing backward movement of the piston -heads in the expansion-chamber, and cushioning devices interposed between preceding and succeeding piston-heads, and consisting of plungers and cylinders arranged respectively upon the contiguous faces of said piston-heads, substantially as specified.

22. A Huid-pressure motor having an eXpansion-chamber, a piston having a plurality of piston-heads mounted for longitudinal movement upon a continuous longitudinally-movable carrier, and adapted to pass successively through the expansion-chamber in one direction, means for communicating forward movement of a piston-head to the carrier, means for preventing backward movement of the piston -heads in the expansion-chamber, cushioning devices interposed between preceding and succeeding piston-heads for spacing the contiguous faces thereof and communicating forward movement from the succeeding to the preceding Ipiston-head, and means for admitting motive agent to the expansionchamber, including a feed-port arranged contiguous to the plane of the front surface of a piston-head engaged by said means for preventing backward movement of the pistonheads, and a controlling-valve for said port, substantially as specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto affixed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

PETTER c. N. rEDERsoN.

Witnesses:

J. HANsoN, N. JoRGENsoN.

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